Safety in the first place
- Prepare your workplace and keep it organize.
- Educate your family and special care with young children.
- Be sure you understand the process.
- Wear rubber gloves and safety glasses.
- Never leave the hot oil unattended.
- Never leave the soda and soda solution unassisted.
- Work with method.
- Do not get distracted at work.
- Clean up spills immediately.
Formula
This formula liquid soap is actually a olive liquid soap, this was the goal when his formulation, make a soap that had the highest concentration of olive oil. The soap is formulated as an exceptional quality hydration and wetting characteristic of olive. Can be used as hair and body shampoo. On the other hand, this high concentration olive complicates the process requires a longer cooking and there is always the risk of excessive turbidity, cloudly. The usual and easiest is to dramatically increase the amount of palm kernel, olive decreasing. Concentration of up to 70% is typical for liquid soaps resulting in an easier process but a product with excessive cleaning power, maybe a little aggressive and sure enough, with a fabulous amount of foam.
Equipments
The safety equipment, goggles and gloves are essential and should always be used in handling of raw materials and the process.
This process is used a slow-cooker “crock pot” to perform the saponification reaction, which is a hot process “hot process”. This pan allows a more controlled, clean and safe. It could be used a system of double boiler or a gas oven or electric alternatives. The characteristic heating the pan Narita NSC-35 that was used in this tutorial is seen below:
As you can see, it’s a slow cooker heating whose maximum temperature is reached at 180 min and not exceeding 85°C in regulating high.
Process overview
The entire process takes approximately 3 hours of cooking. The soap mass pass through several stages, accompanied by a characteristic feature in each phase. The trace is obtained very quickly and then gradually undergoes massive changes and changes appearance, reminiscent aspect: applesauce, mashed watery potatoes, mashed potatoes, vaseline lumps, vaseline creamy and vaseline translucent in the finally at the end of the saponification reaction of oils with potassium hydroxide.
Oils preparation
Olive oil is weigh in a 2 liters plastic (PP) recipient.
Castor oil is weighted separately but could be weighed along with other oils.
The oil mixture is heated in the microwave on high 2 minutes to melt the palm kernel oi
Preparation of potassium hydroxide solution (potash)
Weigh potassium hydroxide (potash)
Add potash slowly with stirring over the water. Never unlike because it may cause an accident! The solution temperature is maintained at around 60°C, as can be seen in the IR digital thermometer.
The mix of oils should be around 70°C.
Preheat the crockpot slow cooking for 10 minutes on high.
Place the mixture of oils heated in the pan.
Slowly stir with manual mixer, add the potash solution.
Operate the mixer and stir on the entire inner surface of the pot. This is time zero.
Two minutes after the start of agitation with the mixer on for uniformity.
In three minutes the color is changing with temperature around 60°C.
In the four minutes of continuous stirring the trace starts.
In five minutes saponification starts with the beginning of trace.
After eight minutes already can see the trace forming.
Ten minutes have a medium trace.
In 14 minutes it forms a heavy trace.
After 15 minutes of continuous stirring the final trace is reach, remove the mixer and cover the pan.
After 15 minutes of cooking the mass looks like this.
In 20 minutes the volume increases due to expansion of air incorporated during the stirring.
You need to stir with a silicone spoon to prevent the eruption of mass.
This aspect is similar to applesauce.
40 minutes of cooking, the temperature is 76°C.
If there is a tendency to outburst, stir with a spoon.
This is called the aspect of mashed potatoes with water.
After 45 minutes the temperature rises to 83°C and appearance begins to change.
This is called the mashed potatoes.
1:28 hours after beginning to form a yellowish liquid translucent edge of the pan.
2 hours of cooking.
Formation looks creamy vaseline.
3 hours of cooking, the temperature rises to 94°C.
Formation of aspect of translucent vaseline.
At the end of 3 hours it is this aspect.
One aspect good translucent, this is the end of cooking.
A sample is dissolved in water and the pH is measured. With pH 9.2 the saponification reaction was performed with success.
This test measures the turbidity of soap, dissolving slightly 1:3, in hot water. If the reaction has not been completed and oil is left without reacting, the solution would be completely cloud.
Dilution Phase
Put with the aid of a spoon the soap mass still hot in boiling water.
Look for breaking the soap mass into smaller pieces to facilitate dissolution. It’s a job that requires time and effort.
Turn off the heat, cover and let stand for 18 hours (overnight).
Here the vegetable liquid soap is completely dissolved in the water dilution.
If necessary, the pH is raised above 10, do neutralization with a solution of borax or a solution of citric acid. Citric acid tends to give more turbidity than borax.
Heat diluted soap to 80°C, and add the borax or citric acid solution.
Weigh essential oils for the fragrance.
Allow to cool to 60°C and add the essential oils slowly with stirring.
After a week the product is stabilized and if there is a formation of foamy lumps or sediment, remove and the product is ready for use.
Thanks.
Roberto! thank you very much, you have done a great job, very professional. I would like to see this before I made my firts batch of liquid soap, it was very *moved*(a lot of accidents). I used the oven process abd it was difficult than I tought, I don,t have a crockpot so the next time I will use the double boiler method (http://www.islandartisansupply.ca/liquid/). I would like to ask you answer because my soap gets cloudy in cold days ( I ,ve made 60% olive oil, 40% coconut oil), and have a strong smell of olive oil (I ,ve use 100% cold presed, light flavour), may be its supet fat…
Ulises,
Probably your soap has so much solids, you need to decrease the viscosity by adding more water.
Another possibility is that the unsaponifiables from olive oil (cold pressed) in the low temperature it does not dissolve
Thanks Roberto, you are too good.
Please I am already into liquid detergent production.
I’m based in Lagos Nigeria. And your formulation is superior
Please how do I produce this in commercial quantity ?
Please I need your help!
Ben,
Is necessary to design the equipment according to your batch size.
I don’t have experience with comercial quantity
Olá Akira, sabe indicar onde comprar o hidróxido de potássio?
grata
Flora,
Saiu uma portaria do ministério da justiça, em julho de 2019, que proíbe totalmente a venda do hidróxido de potássio se não tiver a autorização da Policia Federal.
Tente se ainda tem na Cromoline
eu consegui comprar on line, no site https://www.lojaquimica.com.br/potassa-caustica-90-5-kg-escamas